Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Tabnak F[original query] |
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Notes from the field: Increase in coccidioidomycosis - California, 2016
Cooksey GS , Nguyen A , Knutson K , Tabnak F , Benedict K , McCotter O , Jain S , Vugia D . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017 66 (31) 833-834 Coccidioidomycosis, or Valley Fever, is an infectious disease caused by inhalation of Coccidioides spp. spores. This soil-dwelling fungus is endemic in the southwestern United States, with most (97%) U.S. cases reported from Arizona and California. Following an incubation period of 1-3 weeks, symptomatic patients most often experience self-limited, influenza-like symptoms, but coccidioidomycosis also can lead to severe pulmonary disease and to rare cases of disseminated disease, including meningitis. Those at increased risk for severe disease include persons of African or Filipino descent, pregnant women, adults in older age groups, and persons with weakened immune systems. In 2016, a large increase in coccidioidomycosis incidence was observed in California compared with previous years. Using data reported by health care providers and laboratories via local health departments to the California Department of Public Health as of May 9, 2017, incidence rates were calculated by estimated year of illness onset as the number of confirmed coccidioidomycosis cases per 100,000 population. Estimated year of illness onset was extracted from the closest date to the time when symptoms first appeared for each patient. From 1995, when coccidioidomycosis became an individually reportable disease in California, to 2009, annual incidence rates ranged from 1.9 to 8.4 per 100,000, followed by a substantial increase to 11.9 per 100,000 in 2010 and a peak of 13.8 per 100,000 in 2011 (Figure). Annual rates decreased during 2012-2014, but increased in 2016 to 13.7 per 100,000, with 5,372 reported cases, the highest annual number of cases in California recorded to date. |
Impact of 2003 state regulation on raw oyster-associated Vibrio vulnificus illnesses and deaths, California, USA
Vugia DJ , Tabnak F , Newton AE , Hernandez M , Griffin PM . Emerg Infect Dis 2013 19 (8) 1276-80 US vibriosis rates have increased since 1996, and many Vibrio vulnificus infections are fatal. In April 2003, California implemented a regulation restricting the sale of raw oysters harvested from the Gulf of Mexico during April 1-October 31, unless they were processed to reduce V. vulnificus to nondetectable levels. We analyzed California cases of V. vulnificus infection before and after the regulation's implementation and compared case data with data from other states. The annual number of reported V. vulnificus infections and deaths in California with patient's sole exposure to raw oysters dropped from 0 to 6 cases and 0 to 5 deaths per year during 1991-2002, before implementation, to 0 during 2003-2010, after implementation (p = 0.0005 for both). In other states, median annual numbers of similar cases and deaths increased slightly after 2002. The data strongly suggest that the 2003 regulation led to a significant reduction in reported raw oyster-associated V. vulnificus illnesses and deaths. |
Kawasaki syndrome and factors associated with coronary artery abnormalities, California
Callinan LS , Tabnak F , Holman RC , Maddox RA , Kim JJ , Schonberger LB , Vugia DJ , Belay ED . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012 31 (9) 894-8 BACKGROUND: Kawasaki syndrome (KS) occurs in children less than 18 years of age and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in the United States. Understanding the epidemiology of KS and factors associated with coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) may lead to timely diagnosis and treatment of KS and could limit CAA. METHODS: Epidemiologic characteristics, including risk factors for the development of CAA, among KS and incomplete KS patients less than 18 years of age with onset during 2000-2009 reported by the California Department of Public Health to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's national KS surveillance system were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 2056 KS and incomplete KS patients less than 18 years of age were reported for 2000-2009. The median age of patients was 2 years; 60% of patients were male. Of 1818 patients with race information reported, 56% were white and 28% were Asian/Pacific Islander. Ninety-eight percent of patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Of 1843 patients with information on cardiac complications, 89 (5%) had coronary artery aneurysms and 341 (19%) had CAA. Characteristics associated with the occurrence of CAA in KS patients were male sex, Asian/Pacific Islander race, age less than 1 year or 9-17 years, and receiving IVIG treatment on or after the fifth day of illness. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that IVIG treatment before the fifth day of illness may reduce CAA among KS patients. Timely diagnosis and treatment of KS continue to be important in reducing the occurrence of cardiac complications. |
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